@conference {18464, title = {Embedded Systems Education: Job Market Expectations}, booktitle = {Workshop on Embedded and Cyber-Physical Systems Education (WESE) }, year = {2014}, month = {10/2014}, publisher = {ACM}, organization = {ACM}, address = {New Delhi, India}, abstract = {In the fifteen years since the first Embedded Systems Design Master studies were proposed the embedded systems world has radically changed. The spectrum of application areas has increased beyond any expectation, and the increasing presence of embedded systems in the physical world has led to "cyber-physical systems." Devices tend to become a commodity in many cases, while sensors and IPs acquire a larger share of the market. The whole industrial ecosystem is changing as well, with "application" companies becoming increasingly present and SMEs emerging as major players. It becomes mandatory to reconsider the competences and capacities that should be provided in a Master of Science course oriented to Embedded Systems Design, so as to meet new and diverse requests that come from job market and prospective employers. Within the frame of the Nano-Tera Swiss Federal program (www.nano-tera.ch), the educational project Future Embedded Systems Education (FESTE) aimed at identifying requests coming from the job market, so as to outline the renewed professional profile for young Embedded Systems Designers. The results indicate that programming, networking, real time and system architecture know-how combined with soft skills such as teamwork and communication are in demand and frequently come under disguised names such as automation or control engineering.}, keywords = {Cyber-Physical Systems Education, embedded systems, Nano Tera program}, isbn = {978-1-4503-3090-9}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2829957.2829961}, author = {Sami, Mariagiovanna and Malek, Miroslaw and Bondi, Umberto and Regazzoni, Francesco} } @conference {6.BoSaSciSiZaZa2002, title = {Energy Estimation and Optimization of Embedded VLIW Processors based on Instruction Clustering}, booktitle = {39th Design Automation Conference}, year = {2002}, month = {June 10-14}, pages = {886-891}, address = {New Orleans}, abstract = {Aim of this paper is to propose a methodology for the definition of an instruction-level energy estimation framework for VLIW (Very Long Instruction Word) processors. The power modeling methodology is the key issue to define an effective energy-aware software optimisation strategy for state-of-the-art ILP (Instruction Level Parallelism) processors. The methodology is based on an energy model for VLIW processors that exploits instruction clustering to achieve an efficient and fine grained energy estimation. The approach aims at reducing the complexity of the characterization problem for VLIW processors from exponential, with respect to the number of parallel operations in the same very long instruction, to quadratic, with respect to the number of instruction clusters. Furthermore, the paper proposes a spatial scheduling algorithm based on a low-power reordering of the parallel operations within the same long instruction. Experimental results have been carried out on the Lx processor, a 4-issue VLIW core jointly designed by HPLabs and STMicroelectronics. The results have shown an average error of 1:9\% between the cluster-based estimation model and the reference design, with a standard deviation of 5:8\%. For the Lx architecture, the spatial instruction scheduling algorithm provides an average energy saving of 12\%.}, keywords = {power estimation, VLIW architectures}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/DAC.2002.1012747}, author = {Bona, Andrea and Sami, Mariagiovanna and Sciuto, Donatella and Silvano, Cristina and Zaccaria, Vittorio and Zafalon, Roberto} }